Roman Numeral Converter

Convert numbers to Roman numerals and Roman numerals back to numbers (1–3999). Instant, two-way, and fully client-side.

Runs in your browser — nothing uploaded
Roman numeral
MMXXV
Try:

Convert numbers to Roman numerals and back in both directions. Type an ordinary number from 1 to 3999 to see its Roman form, or paste a Roman numeral to get the value — useful for dates, clock faces, book chapters, movie sequels, and Super Bowl numbering.

Private by design — your data never leaves your device

How to use it

No account, no upload — it all happens on your device.

1
Pick a direction: Number → Roman or Roman → Number.
2
Type your value — the result appears instantly as you type.
3
Switch direction at any time; the current result carries over so you can convert back.
4
Click the copy icon to copy the result to your clipboard.

How Roman numerals work

Seven letters, combined by adding and subtracting.

SymbolValue
I1
V5
X10
L50
C100
D500
M1000

Symbols are written largest to smallest and added together — XVI is 10 + 5 + 1 = 16. When a smaller symbol sits before a larger one, you subtract it: IX is 10 − 1 = 9. No symbol repeats more than three times in a row, which is exactly why 4 is IV rather than IIII.

Worked examples

Common conversions in both directions.

NumberRoman numeral
4IV
49XLIX
1984MCMLXXXIV
2025MMXXV
3999MMMCMXCIX

Where you'll still see Roman numerals

  • Clocks and watches. Many dials use I–XII, often with IIII in place of IV for visual balance.
  • Dates and copyright lines. Films and books stamp the year as Roman numerals, e.g. MMXXV for 2025.
  • Sequels and editions. Super Bowl LIX, World War II, and chapter or volume numbers in books.
  • Outlines and naming. Monarchs and popes (Elizabeth II, Benedict XVI) and the top level of formal outlines.

Frequently asked

What is the largest number this converter supports?
Standard Roman numerals go up to 3999 (MMMCMXCIX). There is no single symbol for 5000 or more in the classic system, so 4000+ requires an overline notation that isn't widely supported. This tool covers 1 to 3999.
Why is 4 written as IV and not IIII?
Roman numerals use subtractive notation: a smaller symbol before a larger one means subtract. So IV is 5 − 1 = 4, and IX is 10 − 1 = 9. You'll still see IIII on some clock faces, but IV is the standard form.
Is my input sent to a server?
No. The conversion is plain arithmetic that runs entirely in your browser. Nothing you type is uploaded, stored, or shared.

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